Microsoft's second-generation topological quantum chip with a lead-based materials stack, developed with Microsoft Discovery.
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Majorana 2 is Microsoft's next-generation topological quantum chip, succeeding Majorana 1 (introduced the previous year). Microsoft says a redesigned materials stack, which replaces the aluminum superconductor with lead, makes its qubits 1,000 times more reliable than the prior generation. It reports a mean qubit lifetime of 20 seconds, with some instances lasting up to one minute.
Microsoft also cites one-microsecond operations and a qubit size of about 1/100th of a millimeter. On this basis it now expects a scalable, commercially valuable quantum computer by 2029, which it describes as cutting its original timeline in half. The quantum team used AI agents built with Microsoft Discovery to manage workflows, automate measurements, optimize fabrication and flag previously unnoticed flaws.
Majorana 2 is a research hardware announcement, not a product that customers can buy or access. The figures come from Microsoft's own announcement. The related Microsoft Discovery platform was announced as generally available for enterprise R&D. A free early-preview Discovery app can run locally with a GitHub Copilot account.
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Microsoft quantum chip developed with help from its Discovery AI system, with a new material stack claimed 1000x more reliable than the previous qubits. Microsoft expects a scalable quantum computer by 2029.
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